Configure sendmail as a smart host

Smart host is very handy if you are on dial up network or sometimes a host finds mail that it is unable to deliver directly to the desired remote host.
http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/configure-sendmail-as-a-smart-host/

1. Install send mail (UBUNTU) -> kalu freebsd dah siap install...
#apt-get install sendmail
...bla...bla..
sendmail (y)..
..bla..bla..

2. Create file sendmail.mc
#cd /etc/mail
#nano sendmail.mc

3. Tambah command kat bawah ...features...
define('SMART_HOST','smtp.net4india.com')

4.Replace smtp.net4india.com with your actual smtp server address. If line contains word, dnl remove the dnl word. Regenerate a new sendmail.cf config file with m4 command:
# m4 /etc/mail/sendmail.mc > /etc/mail/sendmail.cf


ckp sifu; .cf nih autorun.. bahaya kalu edit .cf file nih.. sbb kalu .cf nih ubah ada extra space.. nnti dia akan jd lain...

5.Restart sendmail service:
# /etc/init.d/sendmail restart


...kata sifu.. senang jerk.. pastu gelak2.. huhuhu.. kena byk blaja lg nih..

UBUNTU - Check Network Interface Usage

How to check network interface usage?

Open Ubuntu servern and run this command.
# vnstat -u -i eth0 
# vnstat

Move / Copy files with exception in UNIX.

The syntax :
mv [!filename]* target.
ie:
In directory "y" you have these files :
-rw-r--r-- 1 sirap sirap 0 2010-03-25 11:40 1
-rw-r--r-- 1 sirap sirap 0 2010-03-25 11:40 2 
-rw-r--r-- 1 sirap sirap 0 2010-03-25 11:40 3
-rw-r--r-- 1 sirap sirap 0 2010-03-25 11:40 4 

 You want to move all files except file "4" to directory "z".
The syntax should look like this :
# mv [!4]* ../z/ Done.

SUDO on Freebsd / Linux

as root install 
sudo located at /usr/ports/security/sudo
make configure
make && make install

edit conf at
ee /usr/local/etc/sudoers

example and edit :
# Runas alias specification

#User privilege specification
root ALL=(ALL) ALL
kenan ALL=(www) ALL


note :

This Sudo command limits the user's power on the basis of the configuration made on the file "/etc/sudoers".
Generally in default case you might see something like this:

root ALL=(ALL) ALL
Above, you can see ALL 3 times. But what does it mean?
The first ALL: Run from any(all) host
The Second ALL: From any Terminal
The third ALL: Can Run any command

example :
usename ALL=(group) ALL


** note : !/usr/bin/su (this will prevent user to sudo su)

General sudoers File Record Format
usernames/group servername = (usernames command can be run as) command

How To Change New HD in DELL PECL 5i

Kalaulah ditakdirkan korang punya salah satu harddisk (HDD) rosak...pastu nak replace (kalau korang pakai RAID 5 -Dell Perc5i la..)..alih2 RAID kata degraded...(x jumpa hdd baru tu)...cuba rebuild, x boleh2...cuba force online pun, x boleh2...ha..ni aku nak kongsi pengalaman aku..
Sepatutnya hdd baru boleh di rebuild automatically...aku pun x tahu kenapa...mungkin boleh rujuk kat sini : [1]

Anyway...apa yang aku buat...(ikut pendapat mamat Dell yg reply kat link atas tu la pun), assign hdd baru sebagai HotSpare dulu...pastu dia akan rebuild sendiri tanpa hilangkan data kat hardisk lain (hopefully la). Tunggu la dia rebuild...berjanggut ooo...bergantung pada server tu sendiri.
dah settle...reboot...dah siap...
Reference : http://lists.us.dell.com/pipermail/linux-poweredge/2006-November/028538.html

copied from sifu sirap :)

Add user as sudoer

1. Open Unix Server

2. Login as root (sudo su)
Type command:

# setenv EDITOR ee
# visudo

3. Add within this line to add new sudoer:
## User privilege specification
root ALL=(ALL) ALL
hassan ALL=(ALL) ALL

Press ESC to save & exit.
Done.

==========================================

OR

=============================

Set sudoer permission in admin group:

# nano /etc/group

Change/Add admin
*admin: name1, name2, name3

Ctrl X > Y > Enter

Done.. :) 

AD MASTER CORRUPTED

We can use this command to list the FSMO roles holder:
C:\Netdom Query

FSMO The 5 roles:

1. Schema Master: Used to introduce manual and programmatic schema updates, and this includes those updates that are added by Windows ADPREP /FORESTPREP, by Microsoft Exchange, and by other applications that use Active Directory Domain Services (AD DS). - Must be online when schema updates are performed. (which in my case when I wanted to promote the new DC in to the existing domain it was unable because the DC was holding the Schema master was offline). 
2. Domain Naming Master: Used to add and to remove domains and application partitions to and from the forest. -Must be online when domains and application partitions in a forest are added or removed. 
3. Primary Domain Controller: Receives password updates when passwords are changed for the computer and for user accounts that are on replica domain controllers. -Consulted by replica domain controllers that service authentication requests that have mismatched passwords. -Default target domain controller for Group Policy updates. -Target domain controller for legacy applications that perform writable operations and for some admin tools. -Must be online and accessible 24 hours a day, seven days a week. 
4. RID: Allocates active and standby RID pools to replica domain controllers in the same domain. -Must be online for newly promoted domain controllers to obtain a local -RID pool that is required to advertise or when existing domain controllers have to update their current or standby RID pool allocation. 
5. Infrastructure Master: Updates cross-domain references and phantoms from the global catalog.

You can see that all masters are binding to the corrupted server and you cannot change the operation master since it could not be contacted. 

What you can do is using ntdsutil command. (use this ref : http://www.vishalvasu.com/finding-fsmo-roles-using-ntdsutil/) 

Step #1: On any Domain Controller, click Start. In the Run command type CMD and hit Enter. You will be taken to the good old command prompt window (DOS were the days). Type ntdsutil and hit Enter. 

Step #2: You shall see the screen with ntdsutil: prompt. Since we want to find out the roles, type roles and hit Enter. Notice that the prompt now changes to show fsmo maintenance:. Now is a good time to get more HELP on the list of available commands. 

Step #3: On the fsmo maintenance: prompt, type ? and hit Enter. Right-click in the Window, mark and copy them. Paste the clipboard in to Notepad for easy reference. 

Step #4: Type connection and press Enter. This will show a prompt with server connections:. Type connect to server (replace and press Enter. 

Step #5: Once we are connected to the Domain Controller, type q to return back to the fsmo maintenance prompt. Now type, select operation target and then press Enter. Notice that the prompt changes to select operation target:. 

Step #6: At the select operation target prompt, type list roles for connected server and press Enter. This would list all the FSMO roles for that Domain Controller. To get out of the ntdsutil, type q until you are back to the good old DOS prompt. Then, if the master server are permenantly offline use seize command (ref: http://www.petri.co.il/seizing_fsmo_roles.htm) . If the master server still online ; you can user transfer command to moving the 5 FSMO roles while both the original FSMO role holder and the future FSMO role holder are online and operational. 

This table has the info:

FSMO Role	Loss implications
Schema	The schema cannot be extended. However, in the short term no one will notice a missing Schema Master unless you plan a schema upgrade during that time.
Domain Naming	Unless you are going to run DCPROMO, then you will not miss this FSMO role.
RID	Chances are good that the existing DCs will have enough unused RIDs to last some time, unless you're building hundreds of users or computer object per week.
PDC Emulator	Will be missed soon. NT 4.0 BDCs will not be able to replicate, there will be no time synchronization in the domain, you will probably not be able to change or troubleshoot group policies and password changes will become a problem.
Infrastructure	Group memberships may be incomplete. If you only have one domain, then there will be no impact.

The following table summarizes the FSMO seizing restrictions:

FSMO Role	Restrictions
Schema	Original must be reinstalled
Domain Naming
RID
PDC Emulator	Can transfer back to original
Infrastructure

Another consideration before performing the seize operation is the administrator's group membership, as this table lists:

FSMO Role	Administrator must be a member of
Schema	Schema Admins
Domain Naming	Enterprise Admins
RID	Domain Admins
PDC Emulator
Infrastructure

To seize the FSMO roles by using Ntdsutil, follow these steps:

After done it.. you can check again the Netdom Query FSMO already go to the connected server (Slave AD).

After that you have to delete/clear all the info for offline/corrupted server (eg: probOldAD.contoso.com)

http://www.petri.co.il/delete_failed_dcs_from_ad.htm

Remove AD

Then you can start installing AD for new server as below step:

If you facing below warning... what you can check is if the is other network is enabled . 

Solved: disable other network